Risk factors for cervical cancer include infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), sexual activity at an early age, having multiple sexual partners, smoking and weakened immunity.
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If a woman who has undergone colposcopy +/- biopsy has been diagnosed Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN), it means that the cells of the cervix are abnormal and have changed in appearance.
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Antenatal exercise aims at preventing low back pain and enhancing physical and psychological preparation for delivery by means of joint stretching and muscale strengthenning.
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Postnatal exercise is as important as antenatal exercis. Its duration needs not be login but it should be down twice or thrice a day.
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It is common and normal to have slight vaginal bleeding in the first two days after the cervical smear.